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Careful people may find that in the last decade of development, the interface of display devices has undergone tremendous changes! We used a lot of blue VGA interface, and then there is a white DVI interface. When encountering different interfaces, we have to buy adapters for transfer. Later, there was an interface such as HDMI, and now there are DP and USB Type-C interfaces. So, with so many interfaces, what is the difference? Which one should we use?

VGA Port

The VGA interface is also known as the D-Sub interface. In the era of CRT displays, the VGA interface is a must. Because CRTs are analog devices, and VGAs are analog protocols, they are of course matched for use. The VGA interface adopts a 15-pin pin structure, which transmits signals such as components and synchronization. It is the interface used by many old graphics cards, notebooks and projectors. Later, the LCD display appeared, also with a VGA interface. The display has an A/D converter built in to convert the analog signal to a digital signal for display on the LCD.

DVI Port

There are many types of DVI, DVI-A, DVI-D, DVI-I on the interface, and can be divided into single channel and dual channel. The DVI-A (DVI-Analog) interface only transmits analog signals. The essence is the VGA analog transmission interface specification, which is often used to transfer the DVI-I output of the graphics card to the VGA display interface. The DVI-D (DVI-Digital) interface is a pure digital interface and is not compatible with analog signals. DVI-I (DVI-Integrated) interface, compatible with DVI-I and DVI-D plugs, compatible with digital and analog signals. Their interface shapes are different and cannot be inserted if the interfaces do not match.

HDMI Port

The HDMI interface was introduced in 2002 and has now evolved to the HDMI 2.1 standard. With the development of the industry, the HDMI 2.1 standard has been able to support 4K 120Hz and 8K 60Hz, and supports high dynamic range imaging (HDR), which can be optimized for scenes or frames. Backwards compatible with HDMI 2.0 and HDMI 1.4. The main thing is that it is transmitted simultaneously with video and audio.

Many of today’s monitors have built-in speakers, and with an HDMI cable, you can simultaneously transfer images and sounds, which is a big advantage of HDMI. Because of this, HDMI is the most common interface for today’s displays. We should also prefer this interface when we use it. There are several types of HDMI on the physical interface. There are mainly standard HDMI interface, mini HDMI interface and Micro HDMI interface. For long-distance transmission of HDMI cable, the wire is generally hard, so try to use a device with a standard HDMI interface to get a stable connection. The Mini HDMI interface and Micro HDMI interface are more suitable for small devices.

DP Port

The DP (Display Port) interface is a competitor of the HDMI interface. On some graphics cards and displays, in addition to the HDMI interface, it also has a DP interface. At present, the DP interface has been developed to version 1.4, which can transmit 10bit 4K 120Hz video, and can also support 8K 60Hz video. DP1.4 is compatible with the USB Type-C interface, which means that we can use the DP1.4 protocol to simultaneously transmit HD video while USB 3.1 is transmitting data. From a trend perspective, this is very beneficial for promoting the upgrade of peripheral audio and video equipment. Moreover, the DP interface can also transmit sound synchronously on a single line to achieve the use of the display sound.

Type-C Port

The USB interface has long been known. In the past, the USB interface was designed to transmit data, so it is very common in the use of storage devices such as mobile hard disks. Now USB 3.1 Gen2 has reached 10Gbps speed, and the design standard can also meet the video and data transmission, so on some monitors, the USB 3.1 interface can also be found. The current USB 3.1 interface has been able to meet the resolution display of 4K 30P, which is roughly the same level as HDMI1.4. However, it will be upgraded in the future and will become the most common display transmission method. It should be noted that USB 3.1 Gen1 is USB 3.0, and USB 3.1 Gen2 is the real USB 3.1.

The advantage of the Type C interface is that it can be plugged and unplugged. Some Type C interfaces also have the functions of data, power and signal transmission. When applied to the display, it can bring a lot of convenience. Type C notebook users can charge and connect the display through an interface, and can also use the USB interface extended on the display, greatly reducing the burden on the notebook.

Display Port (DP) is a digital video interface standard standardized by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) developed by the Alliance of PC and Chip Manufacturers. The interface is authentication-free and license-free. It is mainly used for connecting video sources and monitors, and also supports audio, USB and other forms of data.

This interface is designed to replace the traditional VGA, DVI and FPD-Link (LVDS) interfaces. The interface is Backward Compatibility with legacy interfaces such as HDMI and DVI through active or passive adapters.

(Backward Compatibility, also known as Downward Compatibility. In a computer, after a program or class library is updated to a newer version, the document or system created with the old version of the program can still be operated or used normally, or the program developed on the basis of the old version of the class library can still be Normal compilation and running.)

Display Port is the first display communication port that relies on packetized data transmission technology. This packetized transmission technology can be found in technologies such as Ethernet, USB and PCI Express. The Display Port signal is not compatible with DVI or HDMI. However, dual-mode Display Ports are designed to transmit a single-link DVI or HDMI 1.2/1.4 protocol over the communication port, using an external passive connector, selecting the desired signal, and routing the electrical signal from LVDS. Convert to TMDS. Dual-mode Display Ports with passive connectors do not support VGA and dual-link DVI. These communication ports require an active connector to convert the protocols and signals that are required for output. VGA connectors can be powered using the Display Port connector, while dual-link DVI connectors may rely on external power supplies (refer to HDMI, DVI, and VGA compatibility).

Advantage

1. Protocol based on small data packets

Allows easy extension of the Display Port standard

Allow multiple video streams online in separate entities (in future versions)

2. Designed to support the connection between internal chips

Allows direct operation of the display function options to remove the control loop of the display to produce a cheaper and thinner display.

The goal is to replace the LVDS connection inside the laptop panel with a unified link interface.

3. Allow backward compatibility with single DVI/HDMI; dual DVI/HDMI and analog VGA connectors require adapters.

4. Support RGB and YCbCr color space (ITU-R BT.601 and BT.709 format).

5. Auxiliary channels can be used for touch panel data, USB links, cameras, microphones and more.

6. Less channels and embedded clock frequencies reduce RF interference “RFI”. 7. Support USB Type-C.

Technical specifications

1. DP1.4 up to 32.4Gbps bandwidth, can support 8K 60Hz, 4K 120Hz HDR high resolution.

2.8bit/10bit data transmission

3. Open and scalable standards can accelerate adoption.

4. Support 6, 8, 10, 12 and 16 bit color depth.

5. The full bandwidth of the cable is guaranteed to be 3 meters in length.

The effective transmission bandwidth of 6.1080p is guaranteed to be 5 meters.

7. Supports 128-bit AES Display Port Content Protection (DPCP), version 1.1 supports 40-bit HDCP.

8. Supporting both internal and external links can enable computer manufacturers to reduce costs.

Step 1: Into the BIOS, and point the “Chipest”

Step 2: Setup the “PCH-10 Configuration”

Step 3: Find the “state after G3” ——-Make it become“S0 state”

Thanks a lot for our customers’ support. Of course we provide 3 years warranty for Eglobal Mini PC. Details about our Warranty Policy here:

But we received some defective motherboard operated wrongly by our customers because they don’t apply the thermal paste on the motherboard correctly.

Here is the right tip referring to the picture of motherboard:

CPU onboard is back of the motherboard and located in the green line, it is CPU lens in the red line. The thermal paste cant cross the red line and not too much or thick when you apply. Otherwise it will cause a short circuit on the motherboard. So you must evenly apply the thermal paste on the CPU lens.

Have you ever encountered such a problem, why my mini computer network card speed is always 100 Mbps, and it refuses to work at 1 Gbps Speed, just like the following picture（example for S200）:

There are some way to let you know what went wrong.

Method 1: If the lan network card support 1Gbps, you may use at least CAT5E or CAT6E network cable.

Method 2: Connect your cable directly to the network port of the mini PC. This method can test whether it is your computer problem or router problem. If the machine connected to the network cable can reach 1 Gbps, then consider whether your router is compatible. If the router is not compatible, you need to change it.

Method 3: select ” Auto Negotiation ” as the picture we attached:

Under normal circumstances, our computer will automatically adapt to the network speed, no need to set, but in this case, you can set or check here.

If there is no problem with the above points, the network speed problem still exists, then contact us, we will help you solve it.

At present, in the twisted-pair this family, Cat.5/CAT5E/CAT.6/ CAT6e cable types of these twisted-pair lines are the most widely used, CAT.7 are also followed, then what are the differences between them?

What are the Cat.5 and CAT5E?

CAT5, this type of cable increased the winding density, coat a high-quality insulating material, the outer skin will be labeled “CAT5”, transmission bandwidth of 100MHz, for voice transmission and the highest transmission rate of 100Mbps data transmission, mainly used for 100BASE-T and 10BASE-T network. This is the most commonly used Ethernet cable. “CAT7” refers to the CAT5E of unshielded twisted pair (Utp-unshielded Twisted Pair), non-shielded twisted-pair cable is composed of many pairs of twisted-pair wire and a plastic sheath, the outer skin labeled “CAT5e”; transmission bandwidth up to 1000Mb/s, However, it is often necessary to rely on the support of expensive special equipment. As a result, it is often used only in Fast Ethernet of 100Mb/s to enable desktop switch-to-computer connectivity.

The difference between CAT5 and CAT5E.

The identification of class five lines is “CAT5”, bandwidth 100M, suitable for networks below hundred megabytes, the identification of super five lines is “CAT5E”, bandwidth 155M. CAT5 can meet the increasingly popular 100M/bps Ethernet, CAT5E is mainly used in gigabit network, but now also common applications in the LAN. CAT5 transmit signals with a maximum rate of 100MHz and are widely used. Ultra CAT5 transmit signals with a maximum rate of 100MHz, better performance than five lines, improved metrics such as NEXT, PS-ELFEXT, Atten, and support for duplex applications.

CAT5E mainly used for communication companies or network companies to deploy outdoor short distance links. The maximum effective communication distance of the CAT5 is 100M, and the maximum communication distance of the CAT5E is 300M. And the outer protective layer has a much longer service life than the CAT5. Most of the lines connected to your router or switch from the small zone gateway or the entire building network are CAT5E. While super five types of unshielded twisted-pair wires can also provide up to 1000Mb/s transmission bandwidth, they often require the support of expensive special equipment. As a result, it is typically applied only to 100Mb/s Fast Ethernet, enabling desktop switch-to-computer connectivity.

The difference between CAT5E and CAT6.

As people’s need for higher bandwidth and faster speed networks continues to grow, CAT5E and CAT6 are increasingly being used in people’s lives. At present, in the twisted-pair line of this family, compared with CAT3, CAT5 and CAT7 and other twisted-pair lines, CAT5E and CAT6 two twisted-pair lines are the most widely used range. Although the status of CAT5E and CAT6 is at hand, this does not mean that CAT5E and CAT6 can replace each other. Consumers still need to master the characteristics of each of the two, in order to make a better purchase according to their own network needs. So what are the differences between CAT5E and CAT6? First of all, the biggest difference between CAT5E and CAT6 is the difference in their performance. While both the CAT5E and CAT6 systems can transmit gigabit networks, the standard used by the CAT5E system to transmit gigabit networks is 1000Base-T, while 1000BASE-Tx is the way CAT6 systems work. From this point of view, the CAT5E system is only “able” to support Gigabit Ethernet, and the CAT6 system is a “truly guaranteed” use of Gigabit Ethernet.

As a result, the CAT6 system is better adapted to the current building environment, especially in places where a large number of twisted-pair wires are concentrated and have many sources of interference, such as rooms with many electrical appliances (computers, telephones, various production equipment, etc.), devices, adjacent to power lines, lighting wires. Secondly, in the structure, there are obvious differences between CAT5E and CAT6. The CAT6 adds an insulated cross skeleton, placing four pairs of twisted-pair wires in four grooves of the cross skeleton respectively, and the cable has a large conductor diameter, small torque and a thicker outer diameter. This central cross new production process is also designed to avoid crosstalk between cables when applied to 1000BASE-T networks.

The difference between CAT6E and CAT6.

Since the release of the TIA-568C.2 standard in 2009, CAT6E has been widely used in various wiring systems. Compared with traditional CAT6, CAT6E has a higher transmission frequency and rate. In general, the bandwidth of the CAT6 is 250MHz, and the bandwidth of the CAT6E is twice times that of it, which is clearly a very good solution for a data center with high network bandwidth requirements. As the CAT6E of the current cabling system darling, supply will make a comparison with the traditional CAT6. At present, the number of 10G network ports in the data center is increasing, in the 10G Ethernet interface mode, 10GBase-T four pair of twisted wire is one of the most familiar ways we currently know. CAT6E is now used in data centers, with the further expansion of data center construction, the scale of use of CAT6E will be further expanded. It should be noted, however, that although CAT6E has a superior side to other cables, it also has its drawbacks and shortcomings. In the wiring, not blindly according to the performance of the advantages and disadvantages to choose, but according to the actual situation to choose the appropriate wiring system for their own.

What is the Cat.7

The CAT7 standard is a set of standards that support up to 600MHz bandwidth transmission wiring on a 100 ohm twisted-pair line. CAT7 is a 8-core shielding line, each pair has a shielding layer (generally metal foil shielding DINTEK), and then 8 cores outside there is a shielding layer (generally metal braided screen shielding DINTEK), the interface and the current RJ-45 is not compatible.

The difference between CAT7 and CAT6.

There are many notable differences between CAT7 and CAT6, most notably bandwidth, cat5e has a higher transmission bandwidth (at least 600MHz) compared to CAT4, CAT5, CAT6, and CAT7, The CAT6 channel provides at least 200MHZ of comprehensive attenuation to crosstalk ratio and overall 250MHZ bandwidth, and the CAT7 system can provide at least 500MHZ of comprehensive attenuation to the overall bandwidth of the crosstalk ratio and 600MHZ. Another difference between the CAT6 and CAT7 systems is their structure. CAT6 can use both UTP and STP, while CAT7 is based only on shielded cables. Each pair of lines in the CAT7 has a shielding layer, and the four pairs of lines together also have a large public shielding layer. In terms of physical structure, the additional shielding layer allows the CAT7 to have a larger line diameter. Another important difference is its ability to connect hardware, the parameters of the CAT7 system require the connection head at 600MHZ when all line pairs provide at least 60DB of integrated proximal string winding, while the CAT5E system only requires that the value of 43DB,CAT6 in 250MHZ be provided at 100MHZ as 46DB.

Finally, it needs to be explained that regardless of the use and purchase of that product, it is necessary to understand the principle of the barrel, that is, the use of the network rate of the online is how much, remember that high-performance products can be backward compatible, in turn not. Then home use of the network speed limit is the rate of the network card, in other words, the rate of the network card is how much, the network line is how much.